Fair conversion: A rule that states that ownership of equity is transferred to a buyer once the contract that provides for the transfer of ownership to the buyer is signed. Between the signing of a contract for the sale of a property and the fact that the deed is actually delivered to the buyer, the property is in limbo. On the one hand, the buyer has the contractual right to receive the property. On the other hand, the seller still has ownership and current enjoyment of the property. In fact, it is said that ownership of property during this period is divided between fair ownership and legal ownership. The second way for a seller to demonstrate marketable title is to prove that he came into possession of the property through unfavorable possession. Of course, these two ways of showing a marketable title are never at once an option for the same property. Parties who access property through unfavorable property cannot demonstrate a chain of ownership because no document is submitted showing that ownership of the property has been altered by an adverse property. Proof of acquisition by unfavorable ownership can be provided in the form of a court decision stating that the owner is the owner of the property. It is not clear whether title acquired through an adverse property that has never been decided (decided) by a court can constitute marketable property. See Conklin v. Davi, 76 N.J.

468 (1978). The traditional rule was that the broker was entitled to his commission as soon as he presented the seller with a buyer who was willing, willing and able to buy the property at the price set by the seller. This meant that if the broker brought the seller a willing buyer and the buyer and seller entered into a contract, the seller still had to pay his commission to the broker, even if the buyer had subsequently broken the contract and did not buy the house. This remains the law in many states. Greenwald vs. Veurink, 37 Mich. Around 700 (1972). Q: Is a contract to purchase a property void without its conditions being reduced in writing? Real estate transfers are carried out in a two-step process. The first step is the purchase contract, which is the subject of this sub-chapter.

The second step is closure. Once completed, the document representing the property, the «deed», is transferred to the party receiving the property. Closures and acts are the subject of the following sub-chapter. Today, many states have consumer protection laws that require sellers of goods to fill out disclosure forms. These forms often ask very specific questions about the condition of the house. If in the form of the seller lies, there will almost certainly be sufficient reasons for the buyer to cancel the contract. A third option may arise for the buyer in the event that the seller still wants to sell the property but has breached the contract in another way (for example. B by providing false information in the contract or by not delivering the house on the agreed date, etc.). In such a case, the buyer may terminate the contract or let the sale pass. If the buyer authorizes the sale, he can deduct from the purchase price the damage he has suffered as a result of the violation. For example: Specific performance: Performance ordered by a court that a contract be performed exactly on its terms, rather than compensating the injured party by awarding damages.

In many other states, this traditional rule has been replaced by a more modern rule that states that the broker is only entitled to his commission if the buyer actually makes the transaction by paying the purchase price. In this way, the seller is protected against having to pay the broker in case the buyer leaves the business. However, if the contract fails in all jurisdictions because the seller leaves the business, the seller is liable to the broker for the broker`s commission. It should be noted that from 1978 until his death, Ali never questioned Flor`s continued possession of the property as well as the original title. Nor did he waive the payment of property taxes under his name. Ali allowed Flor to exercise all the rights and obligations of an owner on the property in question. The Fraud Act is not applicable in the present case, since the oral sale was carried out between Flor and Ali. Since the alleged sale in 1978, the defendant had peacefully owned the property and had the original title to which he had custody. Moreover, she was the one who paid the property taxes and not Ali. Owning the property, improving and paying property taxes can serve as indicators that an oral sale of a property has been made or carried out. (1) deeds and contracts having as their object the establishment, transfer, modification or cancellation of real rights in immovable property; Sales of immovable property or an interest therein referred to in Art. 1403 Nos.

2 and 1405 are regulated; (2) the assignment, rejection or renunciation of hereditary rights or matrimonial partnership rights of profits; (3) the power to manage property or any other power having as its object an act that appears or should appear in an authentic instrument or that is intended to discriminate against a third party; and (4) The assignment of instruments or rights deriving from an instrument contained in an authentic instrument. The second option available to the buyer is to request a specific performance of the contract. Although the courts generally do not force the parties to effectively fulfill the end of their contract (financial damages are the preferred remedy in the event of a breach of contract), land is an exception. Since each individual parcel of land is considered unique to the other property, customary law considers that the financial damage is insufficient to compensate an aggrieved buyer. Thus, if a seller violates a land purchase contract, the court can force the seller to hand over the land to the buyer at the purchase price. For example: As we discussed in our courses on contracts and torts, the traditional common law approach was to keep the seller in breach of contract solely because of his false statements to the buyer. In other words, a seller could fail to mention a material deficiency in the property for sale and this would not entail any liability on the part of the seller. An example: first of all, the buyer can terminate the contract and not pay the purchase price.

In addition, the buyer may be entitled to damages caused by the breach and costs incurred by the buyer during the contractual negotiations. For example: Ali died in 1996, leaving behind her four children. In 2009, Ali`s heirs signed a deed on the above property and tried to register the property in their name. Therefore, they had to use the OCT number. F-1123, but Flor refused to do so. Thus, the children were forced to submit a petition to the RTC for Flor to issue the duplicate of the owner of the title. 2) Charges: Some private charges on the property may also render the seller`s title unsaleable. For example, if third parties hold mortgages, liens or easements on the property, or if the property is subject to certain obligations, this may or may not make the seller`s title unsaleable. These burdens and the rules that govern them are the subject of later chapters in this course.

We will therefore suspend our discussion of their impact on marketable securities until we have covered the burdens ourselves. Note that restrictive zoning laws are not considered burdens and that these zoning laws alone never make a seller`s title unsellable. However, if the property is used in a way that violates zoning law, it can make the seller`s title unsellable. See Lohmeyer v. Bower, 170 Kan. 442 (1951). 1) Defect in the chain of title: If the chain of title does not have a «link» in its history before the purchase of the property by the seller, the title is not inherently marketable. For example: Very often, real estate is sold through a broker. The general procedure goes something like that. The seller signs a contract with a broker that gives the broker the right to register the property and show it to potential buyers. .